SOFTSKILL T4

Moza Nugra Tira

3eb36

26214845

Adverb adalah kata yang berfungsi untuk menerangkan kata kerja (verb), kata sifat (adjective), dan adverb lainnya.

Fungsi Adverb : adverb berfungsi sebagai penguat, menyampaikan penekanan lebih kuat atau lebih kecil pada kalimat.

Contoh Adverb :

1.      Adverb of freequency : untuk mengungkapkan seberapa sering kegiatan atau peristiwa dilakukan atau terjadi.

· She seldom visit his grandmoter in the village.

· He sometimes feels bored with his work.

· Tina always took the time to exercise.

· He hardly ever took the time to talk to his father.

·  I usually wake up at 4 a.m

2.      Adverb of time : untuk menyatakan waktu terjadinya suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa.

· Can you contact me later, i’m busy now.

· Today, I will go to Singapure.

· We have visit grandma’s house two days ago.

· Atika recently arrived in Yogyakarta.

· She will have dinner at the cafe near her home tomorrow.

3.      Adverb of place : untuk menyatakan tempat dan arah terjadinya suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa.

· He will come here to watch the football macth together.

· Lina’s office is just south of the Akmal office.

· Wina hiding under the table.

· She lives away from her parents.

· My house faces east.

4.      Adverb of manner : untuk menyatakan cara suatu kegiatan dilakukan atau peristiwa terjadi.

· The requirement to join the program is can speak English fluently.

· The horse runs quickly.

· My computer shut down automatically.

· She was very beautifully when she came to the party.

· The rain came suddenly with the bush.

Adjective adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menerangkan noun (kata benda) atau pronoun (kata ganti beda, misalnya : person, animal, place).

Fungsi Adjective : Adjective berfungsi sebagai penjelas noun, dan untuk membatasi noun.

Contoh Adjective :

1.      1 adjective : kata benda yang digunakan hanya satu kata dalam kalimat.

· She is a dillegent.

· The garden was very pretty.

·  I am tired.

·  Desi have little money.

·  Izra doesn’t like bread.

2.      2 adjecive : kata benda yang digunakan hanya dua kata dalam kalimat.

·  She is a dilligent and interesting girl.

·  Today I’m tired and do no want to be disturbed.

·  The garden was very beautiful and comfortabel.

·  He didn’t like bread and softdrink.

·  Tonight is very quite and dark.

3.      3 adjective : kata benda yang digunakan tiga atau lebih kata dalam kalimat.

· She is beautiful and has long black hair.

· My sister is not only beautiful and smart, but also tall.

· Sarah has three children. They are so kind, friendly, and cheap smile.

· I like the woman, she is pretty, smart, and loves her parent.

· Kila good at singing, but not good at cooking and cleaning house.

SOFTSKILL T3

Moza Nugra Tira

3eb36

26214845

Coffee May Help You Live Longer

Today we have more good news for all our coffee drinkers around the world. Another new study finds that drinking coffee can help you live longer. Wow!!!

Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health recently discovered that drinking between three and five cups of coffee a day may prevent certain illnesses. They found that coffee can protect against heart disease, brain diseases, type 2 diabetes and suicide.

Walter Willett is a nutrition researcher at Harvard and co-author of the study. Willet says the findings extend to both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee – or decaf, as Americans often call it.

So, the health benefits come not just from the caffeine in coffee, but from the compounds in the beans.

Study methods

The large study of about 200,000 subjects included data from three ongoing studies. Subjects in the study had to answer questions about their coffee drinking habits every four years over a 30-year period.

Researchers found that moderate coffee drinking was linked with a reduced risk of death from many diseases. These diseases include cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s, and suicide.

However, the researchers found no link between coffee drinking and cancer.

Researchers also considered other habits such as smoking, obesity, and how active the subjects were. They also looked at what kinds of food the subjects ate, as well as how much alcohol — and what type of alcohol — they drank.

They published their findings in the journal Circulation.

All things in moderation

This Harvard research adds to a growing body of evidence. This body of evidence finds drinking a moderate of coffee may have many health benefits, including a longer life. This is according to one of the researchers involved in the study.

Frank Hu is senior author of the study. He is also a professor of nutrition and epidemiology. He studies how food affects illness.

Hu adds that data from the study support the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Report. This report found that drinking a moderate amount of coffee can be part of a healthy diet.

But how much and when you drink coffee is important.

You may remember another study we reported on recently. That study said drinking coffee too late in the evening can disrupt your sleep.

Questions

Not everyone feels the recent Harvard study confirms anything.

The news organization NPR spoke with one expert who warns that not everyone reacts to coffee the same way. Andrew Maynard of Arizona State University told NPR that the health benefits documented in this new study are “small.”

Maynard says the study does not prove cause and effect between drinking coffee and living longer. He says the study points to an association, or link, between drinking coffee and living longer.

Even those involved in the research still have questions.

When NPR spoke with study co-author Walter Willett, he said he is not sure how coffee is linked to certain health benefits.

Willett says the take-home message – in other words, the important thing to learn – is that if you like coffee, do not feel guilty about drinking it in moderation. If you don’t like coffee, don’t feel you have to start drinking it to be healthy.

Conditional Type 1 : Peristiwanya belum terjadi sehingga sangat mungkin terjadi apabila syaratnya terpenuhi. Kalimat ini digunakan untuk membicarakan situasi yang belum terjadi di masa sekarang dan akan terjadi di masa depan jika syaratnya terpenuhi.

1. Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health recently discovered that drinking between three and five cups of coffee a day may prevent certain illnesses.

2. Researchers found that moderate coffee drinking was linked with a reduced risk of death from many diseases.

Conditional Type 2 : Digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya tidak mungkin terpenuhi. Kalimat ini digunakan untuk membicarakan fakta yang bertolak belakang dengan masa sekarang.

1. However, the researchers found no link between coffee drinking and cancer.

2. Maynard says the study does not prove cause and effect between drinking coffee and living longer.

Conditional Type 3 : Syaratnya tidak mungkin terpenuhi karena terjadi di masa lampau sehingga peristiwanya tidak mungkin terjadi. Kalimat ini digunakan untuk membicarakan harapan yang tidak terwujud di masa lalu.

1. When NPR spoke with study co-author Walter Willett, he said he is not sure how coffee is linked to certain health benefits.

2. If you don’t like coffee, don’t feel you have to start drinking it to be healthy

SOFTSKILL T2

NAMA            : Moza Nugra Tira

NPM               : 26214845

KELAS           : 3EB36

    A.     CAN – COULD – BE ABLE TO

      ·     Can biasanya digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa sesuatu itu mungkin terjadi karena adanya kondisi-kondisi tertentu.

Contoh: 
1.      I can play badminton.
2.      I can speak Italian. I’ve taken Italian class for two years
·         Could digunakan untuk menyampaikan kemampuan di masa lalu.

Contoh:  
1.      I could play football when I was 25 years old. Now, I can’t.
2.      We could visit the zoo tomorrow.

·    be able to sama dengan can. Namun, be able to lebih seriing digunakan bersama dengan kata-kata kerja bantu yang lain.

Contoh: 
1.      I was able to do the test yesterday.
2.      Waty is able to cycle 20 miles without stop.
·        Tingkatan

 Antara can dan be able to lebih tinggi can

  

    B.    SHALL – SHOULD – OUGHT TO

      ·  SHALL digunakan untuk berbicara tentang sesuatu yang pasti akan terjadi dalam bentuk janji/keputusan.

Contoh:        
1.      I shall be leaving as soon as I am ready.
2.      Of course he shall have water.
·   SHOULD, mengungkapkan kewajiban, tapi tingkatannya lebih lunak dari must dan have to dan kita masih mempunyai pilihan. SHOULD biasa digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kewajiban moral bahwa sesuatu itu baik bagi diri sendiri dan orang lain.

Contoh :
1.      Tias should go to the Tanggamus – Lampung next holiday
2.      We should celebrate our daughter’s birthday party on next Saturday night
· OUGHT TO, menyatakan kewajiban yang sifatnya lebih keras dari SHOULD dan merasa berhutang untuk berbuat sesuatu.

Contoh :
1.      I ought to visit my parents more often.
2.      Iskadina ought to study more
·         Tingkatan

Tingkatan antara shall dan ought to lebih tinggi shall

     C.     MAY – MIGHT

     ·        MAY, untuk situasi resmi, tetapi juga bisa untuk situasi tidak resmi.

Contoh :
1.      You may come here if you want.
2.      They may arrive here at 7 pm today
·         MIGHT digunakan untuk sebuah anjuran yang dilakukan dengan sangat sopan.

Contoh :
1.      You might like to comment her statement.
2.      I think it might be a good idea to stop here.

    D.    WILL – WOULD

      ·         WILL digunakan utuk berbicara tentang sesuatu yang pasti terjadi di masa yang akan datang.

Contoh:        
1.      They will see everything.
2.      The price of food will go up.

      ·         WOULD digunakan untuk menunjukkan pengulangan di masa lalu.

Contoh :
1.      If Mendi were a doctor, she would be a dentist. Conditional
2.      Everybody knew that Raharjo would be successful in his career

  

     E.     MUST – HAVE TO

     ·         MUST, menyatakan keharusan/kewajiban.

Contoh :
1.      You must pay the bil
2.      She must drink because the weather is very hot

      ·         HAVE TO, mengungkapkan kewajiban atau kita merasa wajib melakukan sesuatu karena kita merasa perlu.

Contoh :
1.      You have to study hard, if you want to pass
2.      You have to take a bath at least once a day

      ·         Tingkatan

Antara must dan have to lebih tinggi must

SOFSTKILL T1

·         EQUAL COMPARISONS

(+)       Kendall Jenner is as beautifull as Kylie Jenner

(+)       My brother is as naughty as they

(-)        Kylie Jenner poses not as perfectly as Kendall Jenner

·         UNEQUAL COMPARISONS

(+)       Today is hotter than yesterday

(+)       Your idea is more interesting than mine

(-)        This sofa is not more comfortable than the other one

·         DOUBLE COMPARATIVES

v  The higher the mountain, the more difficult it is to climb

v  The more you  know, the more you know you don’t know

v  The less your brain you use,  the poorer it performs

·         SUPERLATIVES

(+)       He is the most dilligent student in my class

(+)       My brother is the fattest  in our family

(-)        I am not the youngest of all the students